The Limits of Applicability of Usual Kinetic Relations to the Detonation Waves Chemistry. Homogeneous Explosives

Abstract
The report presented contains the brief description of some of the macrokinetic dependencies in field of detonation of homogeneous, preferably liquid, explosives. Chemical kinetics data and mechanisms of the detonation reactions of pure nitrocompounds at different initial temperature, and the mixtures of them with sulfuric acid are obtained. The data from both groups of measurements for TNT virtually coincide with results of kinetic calculations at which the frequency of spin-pulsating subsurface waves in lean TNT/RDX mixture was used as a source of macrokinetic information. A.N.Dremin theory of failure diameter, usually used for kinetic calculations, is supplemented in three directions. (1) Velocity of the dark wave, one of the most significant elements of the theory, is connected with energy of activation and in this way it is defined independently as an inherent part of the extinguishment process. (2) The gas bubbles formation and growth in the compressed reactive substance in the dark zone are included into consideration as important moments of the detonation wave initiation. (3) The new phenomenon, that has been observed in some of the modern molecular modeling investigations : separation and collection in groups of particles of different mass in shock and detonation waves, was applied in order to explain the strong influence of additives on detonation ability of nitromethane.