J. Phys. IV France 107 (2003) 21
DOI: 10.1051/jp4:20030233

Preliminary studies on trace element contamination in dumping sites of municipal wastes in India and Vietnam

T. Agusa¹, T. Kunito¹, E. Nakashima¹, T.B. Minh¹, S. Tanabe¹, A. Subramanian² and P.H. Viet<sup>3

1</sup>  Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Tarumi 3-5-7, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
²  Center of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai 608502, Tamil Nadu, India
³  Research Center for Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development, Hanoi University of Science, VNU Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam

Abstract
The disposal of wastes in dumping sites has increasingly caused concem about adverse health effects on the populations living nearby. However, no investigation has been conducted yet on contamination in dumping sites of municipal wastes in Asian developing countries. In this study, concentrations of 11 trace elements (V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb and Pb) were detennined in scalp hair from the population living nearby and in soil from dumping sites and control sites of India and Vietnam. Soil samples in dumping site in India showed significantly higher concentrations of some trace elements than soils in control site, whereas this trend was not notable in Vietnam. This is probably due to the fact that the wastes were covered with the soil in the dumping site of Vietnam. Cadmium concentrations in some hair samples of people living near dumping site in India and Vietnam exceeded the level associated with learning disorder in children. Levels of most of the trace elements in hair were significantly higher in dumping site than those in control site in India and Vietnam, suggesting direct or indirect exposure to those elements from dumping wastes. To our knowledge, this is the first study of trace element contamination in dumping sites in India and Vietnam.

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