MÉCANISMES DE PRODUCTION DES CONSONNES FRICATIVES : COORDINATION ENTRE GLOTTE ET CONSTRICTION DU CONDUIT VOCAL

Abstract
To produce speech simulations of high quality, we need a good knowledge of temporal coordination between all parts of the respiratory tract. The production of fricative consonants depends primarily on a double articulatory gesture : in the vocal tract a constriction is formed; simultaneously the vocal folds are opened. This double gesture is the cause of (1) an increase in the intra-oral pressure and (2) the production of a frication noise due to the turbulent flow downstream from the constriction. Fricatives consonants are characterised by their quasi-static spectra and also by rapidly changing acoustic patterns which seem to be important for the characterisation of /f/ versus / ../ or /v/ versus /../. Our work is based on multiple analyses for two subjects. With an analog model of the vocal tract in which an automatic noise source was implemented, analysis-by-synthesis will be used to obtain good aerodynamic and acoustic matches between the natural and the simulated speech. The aim of our study is to try to evaluate the influence of the temporal coordination between the formation of the constriction and the opening of the vocal folds.