Applications of X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure to Catalysts and Model Surfaces

Abstract
Perhaps the most important attribute for X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) in the characterization of supported catalysts and model surfaces is in-situ investigation of working catalysts and surfaces. Rather than reviewing recent and representative work dealing with single crystals, fiat surfaces, and even designed surfaces relevant to metal and metal-oxide catalysis, this paper describes some selected topics in the field describing the detail. An organized assembly of knowledge about the structures and electronic states of active metal and metal-oxide sites integrated over both powder catalysts and model surfaces in both static and dynamic (working) states is indispensable, not only for the understanding or the genesis of solid catalysis but also for the optimization and development of new catalytic systems and advanced materials, which would allow us to move toward the ultimate goal of rational catalyst design.